Notes test review

Today in Western civ. we took more notes and got ready for our test. Here are some of the notes.
  1. Why? because the senators saw Caesar's rise in power as a huge threat to their political viability
  2. How? they lured him to the Senate, stabbing him 23 times, making sure all were involved
  3. brutus helped
  4. octavion was next in line
  5. republic = no longer
  6. Julius Caesar'sgrand nephew- and adopted son- Octavion takes over at 18! makes a triumvirate with Marc Antony ( an experiences general) and lepidus (politician)
  7. This is the second triumvirate
  8. octavion forces the weak Lepidus to retire
  9. he and marc antony become rivals
  10. mark antony and cleopatra partner up :
    1. personally
    2. militarilly
    3. politically 
    4. economically 
  11. octavion  defeats them at the battle of Actium
  12. he is now the unchallenged ruler of Rome
  13. now called "caesar augustus"
  14. imperator= supreme military leader
  15. now rome is an empire
  16. 40 yrs of ruling as a emperor
  17. pax romana= roman peace
  18. pax romana lasted 207 years
  19. octavius gained land in africa and improved Rome:
    1. build roads
    2. collect taxes
    3. establish postal service
    4.  grain supply
    5. build aqueducts
    6. police department
    7. fire fighters
  20. caesar augustus died of natural causes
  21. Tiberius- ruled from AD 14- 37
    1. an excellent general, but a reluctant emperor
    2. after son died, he quit on rome
    3. died at 77
  22. Caligula- ruled from AD37-41
    1. he was a cruel tyrant
    2.  extreme, legendary pervert
    3. spent tax $ on himslef
    4. weird and creepy
  23. Claudius- ruled from 41-54 AD
    1. possibly had cerebral palsy
    2. built aqueducts, roads, and canals
    3. killed  by wife with poison 
  24. Nero- ruled from AD 54-68
    1. viewed himself as an artist
    2. raided temples for $
    3. wanted to only rebuild rome to be beautiful 

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